The Heat Of Summer - 863 Words

No one likes to think about fall in the heat of summer, but prospective MFA students gearing up for application season, have no other choice but to spend these months drafting personal statements and writing samples. With acceptance rates lower than ever for Creative Writing programs, students spend rigorous hours critiquing their own writing and begging others (former professors, siblings, strangers) to offer feedback. As schools intend on keeping their programs boutique sized, it drives acceptance rates into the teens, tens, and five percentiles. Though the competition is not letting up, the variety of online resources that offer support to applicants is growing. Guidance from online literary websites comes in the form of writing prompts, program rankings, and personal accounts from other writers, confessing their own self-doubt as a means to make the experience of trying to become a writer less solitary. Perhaps we have less well-known artist cafes and speakeasies than our histori cal counterparts, but this era of intellectuals is making up for that in the way of countless forums and literary based websites that create a community among seasoned and emerging writers. Here is a list of our top seven favorite literary spots around the web for encouragement and inspiration. 1. lithub.com Literary Hub publishes reviews, suggested reading, in depth pieces on art, culture, and literature, and so much more. For writers, lithub is a great resource for long editorial pieces thatShow MoreRelatedWhen Summer s Wet Heat Essay1714 Words   |  7 PagesWhen summer s wet, humid heat drags us down we all need a frosty pick-me-up. Yet so many ice-blended drinks are high in calories, sugar and fat. Here are some easy ideas you can make on your own with just a few, simple ingredients. You don t have to have an espresso maker, you can just use instant espresso powder or some strongly brewed coffee. Make your own frappucino. Blend together equal parts cooled espresso, skim or soymilk, with Splenda to taste and lots of crushed ice. If you want to addRead MoreCompany Analysis : Alcoa Warrick Operations995 Words   |  4 Pagessafety department started a heat stress awareness program. This program includes awareness emails and nurse activity. Alcoa safety department is doing heat stres s to review and identify opportunities for improvement in the overall summer safety plan in the potrooms. Also Alcoa safety department is involved with nurses on preparing and conducting heat stress toolbox meetings. How can we keep employees hydrated all the time? Alcoa defines heat stress as the total heat load on the body arising externallyRead MoreWhy Summer Makes Us Lazy, By Maria Kournikova791 Words   |  4 Pages Why summer makes us lazy Summary: In the essay of â€Å"why summer makes us lazy â€Å"the author Maria Kournikova describe how people are more effective in the cold weather than when it is warm. To demonstrate the studies researchers assigned Harvard students data entry on wither sunny or rainy days. The students were randomly assigned to one of two conditions at the end of the experiment the researcher concluded that participants were less productive when it was sunny than when it was raining and coldRead MoreExtreme Of The Mohave Dessert765 Words   |  4 PagesExtreme in the Mohave dessert Mohave dessert spread across Nevada, Utah, Arizona, and some part of the State of California and its climate reflects extremes of hot and cold. At winters temperatures are cool, as low as 8 Fahrenheit while the summer reaches about 120 Fahrenheit , winds are present years round blow about 25 MPH regularly and gusts of 75MPH. all the time extreme is unsustainable either for the weather or in any matter. I was wrong and I learned the lesson in a hard way, mostly when extremeRead MoreChanging The Changing Of The Seasons864 Words   |  4 Pageschange from the blazing sun of summer, to the vivid colors of the fall, and then the freezing snow of winter. Many people vary in which season they relish the most, but I enjoy three of the four seasons Mother Nature has to offer. I savor the time during the summer, fall, and winter that I get to spend with family and friends. Nothing compares to the scorching heat of summer, the chilling breeze of fall, or sub-zero temperatures of the winter. I’m a huge fan of the summer, fall, and winter. WinterRead MoreThe Winter Solstice And Northern Hemisphere1268 Words   |  6 Pagesit may be summer in America but winter in Australia. But it can also change the weather if you think about it because during the different seasons the temperature changes. For example where we live it gets really hot over one-hundred Fahrenheit. But in the winter time it usually stays over Thirty-Five Fahrenheit. But that s because of the Summer Solstice. The Summer Solstice is one of the biggest parts of one of our seasons. The season I m talking about is known as summer because thatRead MoreExplain How Urban Heat Islands Develop? to What Extent Uhi Influence1421 Words   |  6 PagesThe term ‘urban heat island’ refers to the localized increase in temperature associated with an urban area. The UHI is an example of unintentional climate modification when urbanization changes the characteristics of the earth’s surface and atmosphere. It was observed that the UHI effect might result in minimum urban temperatures being 5-6 ° greater than the surrounding countryside. In the case of London, mean annual temperature was 11 °C, while the surrounding countryside was 9.6 °C and the suburbsRead MoreDesign And Design Of A Green Building Fundementals 111066 Words   |  5 Pagesfeatures within the home wrapping it all up in an ultra-modern design to bring this home into the 21st century. The primary objective is t o capitalize on passive designs to ensure it can naturally maintain a comfortable living temperature in both summer and winter. Local materials have been integrated wherever possible, keeping in mind materials that do not require intensive energy all apart of reducing the houses embodied energy. Operational efficiency was fundamental in the design, low energy LEDRead MoreTop Three Places to Visit During The Summer 726 Words   |  3 PagesThe Summer The temperature is rising and so is the need to escape this scorching heat. Everyone is planning a vacation to one place or the other. But, here I am to suggest you some top places to visit this summer andRead MoreEnergy Consumption In Iraq725 Words   |  3 PagesMiddle East and about 9% of reserves worldwide (â€Å"Worldwide look at Reserves and Production,† 2015). Despite drawing huge benefits from the valuable conventional source of energy, Iraqi households experience electricity shortage particularly during summer. In 2012, electricity supply in Iraq was about 66 billion kilo watt hours (kWh). It is expected that the peak in electricity demand will hit 50,000 to 60,000 MW by 2030 (Istepanian, 2014). The mounting energy consumption in residential areas arises

Graphic Design Vs. Art Essay - 1506 Words

Graphic Design vs Art â€Å"Design is the method of putting form and content together. Design, just as art, has multiple definitions, there is no single definition. Design can be art. Design can be aesthetics. Design is so simple, that’s why it is so complicated†. The following items will be discussed to give better understanding of Graphic Design vs Art: definition of the two terms, what is considered art, what is considered design, and opinions of the two subjects. Sometimes the best way to communicate to people is not through spoken words or written text, but through illustration. Graphic design, sometimes also known as communication design, is the process of visual communication, and problem-solving through the correct use of typography, space, image and color. Graphic Design usually starts with a purpose, such as trying to buy, find, or advertise something and usually only has one meaning. Designers use their skill to combine text and pictures to create advertisements, magazines, or books. Art is something that is created with imagination, skill and it is usually tried to expresses important ideas or feelings. Artists look to express their ideas to others, they begin with a blank canvass and when done, it is intended to be interpreted by different people in different ways. There are different forms of art such as, paintings, drawings, graphics, sculptures, and architecture. As art can have many different meanings for its audience. Eviden ce of human activity inShow MoreRelatedEssay on Digital vs. Traditional Art979 Words   |  4 Pagesview of art, there are no concrete or abstract forms, but only forms which are more or less convincing lies.(Wagner, par. 1) So what is art? A painted picture with lines, figures or faces that has meaning; or digitally altered shapes with meaning? Art can be any product of a creative process. Graphic Design (digital design) as a discipline has a relatively recent history, with the name graphic design first coined by William Addison Dwiggins in 1922. (Wikipedia. par. 2) Digital art is an art createdRead MoreCase Study On A Designer Paula Scher1494 Words   |  6 Pagesmost well known and influential postmodern graphic designer for over 30 years. In 1970, Scher began developing her eclectic, playful and expressive approach to design and typography, using it to convey content and create identity. Scher has been designing record covers, advertisements, identities and environmental grap hics for a broad range of clients such as CBS Records, Atlantic Records, American Institute of Graphic Design (AIGA), New Jersey Performing Arts Center (NJPAC), and among others. Her philosophyRead MoreWhy Is Art A Genre? Essay1464 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"The aim of art is to represent not the outward appearance of things, but their inward significance.†-Aristotle According to Dictinary.com, a genre is a category of artistic composition, as in music or literature, characterized by similarities in form, style, or subject matter. (Dictionary) Before I began this course, the only inclination of genre was that of books and movies. From my experience, the aspect of genres are what categorized media in various forms, making it easy for an audience toRead MoreWindows vs. Mac: Competition in the PC Market1630 Words   |  7 PagesSince the advent of the Macintosh Operating System in 1984, there has been a battle resembling the Coke and Pepsi War, this time between the Macintosh/Apple OS and Windows. The battle is less over design and style, although that has been a robust part of it for decades, and now more about the Operating System (OS) and philosophy. The PC market has literally hundreds of manufacturers and branded labels. PC actually stands for personal computer, meaning that an Apple Computer is also a PC. HoweverRead MoreComplexity And Contradiction In Architecture : A Gentle Manifestor Summary988 Words   |  4 Pagesgallery context. Even so, his are generally outlined in No straightforward Architecture: A Gentle Manifesto. This opening comment advocates embracing contradiction and complexity in order to create valid, vital works. Complexity and Contradiction vs. Simplification or Picturesqueness criticizes orthodox Modern architects and their treatment of complexity. Venturi feels that diversity in architecture represents a type of sophistication that is lost in the works of the Modernists. It is in thisRead MoreHow Does Diversity Help A Company Succeed?1397 Words   |  6 Pages View of UAE Nathalie Germain MSVU â€Æ' Table of Content Contents Business Diversity 3 Demographic 3 Business 3 Social 4 Benefits vs. Challenges 4 Opportunity and Development 5 Dubai 5 Fujairah 6 Ras al-Khaimah 6 Abu Dhabi 7 Potential Target 8 Dubai 8 Abu Dhabi 9 Sources 10 Graphics 11 Business Diversity The important factor in a company is the people; as we have yet to see the age of robots, businesses still require the use of humans for day to day workflow. But how does Diversity help a companyRead MoreThe Critic as Artist by Oscar Wilde2131 Words   |  9 PagesWilde felt that poetry was superior to the graphic arts for what reasons? Evaluate his claims. STUDENT Send instant message.Phone # not available. See all available user details.Send internal Webstudy mail.No external Web page available. In The Critic as Artist, Oscar Wilde writes that literature is superior to the graphic arts, because unlike paintings of sunsets or portraits or other related forms of art, literature is soul speaking to soul in those long-cadenced lines, notRead MoreAdobe Illustrator and Adobe Photoshop: How Are They Similar and Different?853 Words   |  4 Pagesmore in common. But according to the information found online, they are not. Illustrator, which allows me to create my own unique designs, creates vector graphics and vector text. Illustrator invites me to explore more expressive ways to design.To help you b etter understand the terms Vector Graphics and Vector Text, I will give you the definition of both. Vector Graphics are comprised of paths, which are defined by a start and end point, along with other points, curves, and angles along the way. VectorRead MoreCreative Brief On Target Audience1651 Words   |  7 Pagesworld that brings a vision of dread and foreboding to the user that echoes the ravaged world our hero is trying to save. Primary Design Goals †¢ Single Player - A fully focused engrossing single player quest system. †¢ Accomplishment - Player to experience exhilarating sense of achievement. †¢ Replay ability - the content of the game to support repeat play options. Secondary Design Goals †¢ Action – heart pounding fast strategic combat †¢ Inventory – involving weapons and armour and consumables to find. †¢Read MoreArt Nouveau By Edward Burne Jones From The Pre- Raphaelites And The Japanese Style1889 Words   |  8 PagesArt nouveau is a elegant decorative art style characterized by ornate patterns of curvilinear lines. This period of art somewhat rooted from the a mixture of the Arts and Crafts movement, William Morris, Edward Burne-Jones from the Pre- Raphaelites and the Japanese style. It became popular across Europe and the in United States. Art Nouveau as a style is a beautiful mixture of elaborate Celtic looking patterns, classical elements, flat color and delicate women in nature. This style breaks the traditional

Intrinsic Nature of Commodity Business

Question: Discuss about the Intrinsic Nature of Commodity Business. Answer: Introduction The listed company on the ASX that has been chosen for the given analysis of role of CFO or Chief Financial Officer is BHP Billiton which is the one of the largest mining companies not only in Australia but globally. The company has mining assets which are present worldwide and also has presence across a host of minerals led by iron ore, coal, copper (BHP Billiton, 2015). Considering the intrinsic nature of commodity business and the fluctuating prices, it requires prudence on the part of CFO so as to ensure sustained performance by the company in an globally exceptionally dynamic and challenging environment. The given task focuses on highlighting the main responsibilities of the CFO for the selected company. Responsibilities of CFO The three key responsibilities that are associated with the CFO of this company are highlighted below. Capital Budgeting Since, BHP Billiton is a mining company, it always needs to be on the lookout for new mines that provide key minerals due to the depleting reserves of minerals and ores from the current mines. However, since the capital that the company has is typically limited, it requires prudent capital rationing on part of the company so as to ensure that money is invested only in those projects or mines which tend to deliver the highest returns for shareholders. However, this is easier said than done for mining projects because of the host of uncertainties associated with such projects (Brealey, Myers Allen, 2008). The gestation period of these projects is long and so are the capital costs specifically in terms of the dedicated rail infrastructure required to transfer the mining output along with the equipment used in mining. However, the commodity prices tend to change on a real time basis on the basis of the global factors which cannot be controlled by the company. The case in point is the cu rrent slowdown in China which has had an adverse impact on the profitability of the operations due to plummeting prices of key minerals (BHP Billiton, 2015). To add to the overall complexity is the political risk and government regulation since mining as a sector is highly sensitive to government policies related to licensing, royalty and taxation. As a result, of the above issues, the role of CFO is very significant in capital rationing. It is required that CFO guides the team of analysts so that an appropriate estimation of the long term prices can be forecasted for a particular mineral in the wake of the information available. One of the key aspects, where the CFO plays a critical role is in identifying the relevant factors that need to be considered by the analysts and those which are be ignored without compromising on the accuracy of the results obtained. This is imperative or else the parameters to be considered would be so immense that the underlying complexity would render it non-usable. A key tool which the CFO regularly deploys in this process is sensitivity analysis so that the focus could be brought on those factors which are the key determinants of the projects commercial success (Damodaran, 2008). Further, owing to the superior understanding of the CFO with regards to business and commodity markets, the CFO needs to provide critical inputs during the analysis of the projects which reflect his keen business acumen and ensures that the underlying risk is managed. One of the key mechanisms to ensure this is to estimate the underlying risk associated with a particular geography and political establishment which the CFO would be better placed to opine on based on previous experience and the same could determine the overall returns expected from such projects (Parrino Kidwell, 2011). While shortlisting the viable mining assets is just one step, the CFO then acts as one of the leaders in the negotiation process and the suitable valuation that should be given for acquisition for a particular mining asset. In this process, crucial decision needs to be taken particular with regards to financing and timing of acquisition considering the periodic nature of the commodity cycles which pose s additional challenges. However, in all such critical matters, the inputs from CFO provide to be a guiding light which ensures that interests of shareholders are preserved (Petty et. al., 2015) Preparation of Financial Statements For the given company, there is separation of the owners from the management which results in agency relation and hence information needs to be constantly provided to the owners so as to reflect on the performance in various segments so that the investors could take an informed view on the company (Drury, 2008). Besides, the company is listed on two exchanges i.e. London Stock Exchange and Australia Stock Exchange and need to fulfil the various reporting regulations that the exchanges impose along with the other regulatory agencies (BHP Billiton, 2015). Considering the wide span of operations which spread across geography, segments and currencies, this process needs to be done accurately while ensuring compliance with the applicable accounting standards that may be applicable in a given geography (Bhimani et. al., 2008). The CEO plays a critical role and acts as the chief coordinator so as to ensure that the financial statements are prepared in a timely manner and are in compliance with the various regulatory norms. The CEO also maintains connection with the internal audit committee so as to seek their inputs with regards to the key control risks that could be addressed through improvement in the processes. Further, considering the vast geographical spread of the operations of the company, determination of tax liability that may be payable in a particular geography and that which is payable in Australia is a pivotal matter and needs supervision and guidance from the CFO so as to ensure that compliance is achieved and the tax liabilities are kept at a minimum thereby providing highest returns to shareholders (Damodaran, 2008). With regards to audit of the financial statements and the various items, CFO acts as the chief coordinator which provides critical inputs in relation to formulation of the overa ll audit strategy and ensures that the external auditor are able to garner all the relevant information required in a prompt manner thereby ensuring that the incidence of misrepresentation in the financial statements is reduced and also the audit quality is enhanced (Seal, Garrison Noreen, 2012). Corporate Strategy Control Every business has a vision and it is imperative that the corporate strategy in place to achieve this should be viable and optimum. One of the crucial members in regards of the strategy formulation for the near future is the CFO as every action or strategy has financial implications which the CFO is in the best position to comment on owing to his experience and his financial acumen. In this case, decisions may be required to be taken with regards to the minerals that the company should focus on going ahead taking into consideration the likely demand supply mismatch for the same (Brealey, Myers Allen, 2008). Further, certain strategic acquisitions of mining assets or mining companies may be required to be taken which should be aligned with the overall strategy. Also, CFO is in the position to comment on the availability of financial resources and the likely sources to garner more if required based on which the board may finalise strategic priorities for the company (Brigham Ehrhardt , 2013). Further, the CFO tends to outline the various financial benchmarks based on industry standards that aid in the overall control process. The performance of the key executives, operations is compared with these objectives and milestones. An additional tool which ensures the same is budget and this represents the priorities of the business and the CFO plays a critical role in reviewing and authorising the same. The CFO tends to allocate money for those projects which are considered to be pivotal for the company and tends to limit finances in areas that are relatively not significant. Besides, the financing needs arising from any shortfall of the requisite capital is also managed by the CFO along with the support of the financial managers (Bhimani et. al., 2008). Conclusion and Significance The critical role that the CFO plays in the functioning of the company is apparent from some of the key responsibilities that have been outlined above. The CFO ensures that the vision and mission of the company is aptly reflected in the corporate strategy which defines the key priority areas. Once these key priority areas are defined, the CFO defines the various financial milestones and key benchmarks that aid in the performance evaluation from time to time. This process is intrinsically dynamic especially since the mining business has exposure to a plethora of external risk. The various requisite resources are allocated based on the financial priorities and the budget (Brigham Ehrhardt, 2013). Also, to ensure that the growth is sustained, the capital is diverted into acquisition of fresh mining assets that would deliver superior value to the stakeholders. This typically requires a great deal of foresight and business acumen on the CFOs end considering the cost implications and also the gestation period, (Bhimani et. al., 2008). Finally, the performance of the company is reported to the various internal and external stakeholders so as to minimise agency costs and also be in compliance with the applicable regulations (Drury, 2008). For better understanding and analysis of the statement extended, the first step is to introduce the concept of efficient markets which is captured by the concept of Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH). There are three forms of efficiency in market that this hypothesis advocates. The first is market efficiency in the weak form which advocates the random movement of the stock price and therefore dismisses any utility of predicting stock price movement patterns by deploying technical analysis (Petty et. al., 2015). The second is market efficiency in the semi-strong form which advocates that the stock price adjustment process to any information that enters the market is so swift that no opportunity is provided with regards to initiating trades based on this information, thus reflecting poorly on the utility of fundamental analysis (Damodaran, 2008). The third is market efficiency in the strong form which advocates that all the information at all times is reflected in the actual market pric e and deviations from the intrinsic price are essentially very short lived due to self-correcting mechanism in the efficient markets (Brealey, Myers Allen, 2008). In the markets that tend to adhere to the above features, the pension fund manager need not engage in active portfolio management as trades cannot be initiated based on information or price pattern since the past prices are not a faithful representation of future trends. Further, the stock specific information about the stocks that are included in the portfolio is also not required as trades cannot be initiated without the impact of new information already been captured. Thus, in such an idealistic situation, for a moment it may seem that the given statement is true (Parrino Kidwell, 2011). It is imperative to consider that there are two variants of risk for an investor with exposure to the stock market. One of these is systematic risk which refers to the general market risk and cannot be avoided through any means. However, the unsystematic risk is manageable if the investor tends to diversify the portfolio in a prudent manner. Therefore, it is imperative that the manager of a pension fund should aim to choose a portfolio which reduces the exposure to unsystematic risk. Additionally, the key purpose of an investor who avails pension fund is to ensure that a regular stream of income is received while the preservation of capital is ensured. As a result, the likely choices for inclusion in such a portfolio would be large cap stocks which tend to exhibit less volatility in price and simultaneously offer a smooth and assured income from dividends.(Petty et. al, 2015). Hence, in the event of random choices being made by the manager of pension fund, there is the risk of the po rtfolio not being diversified and hence having unsystematic risk. Also, the selected stocks may not be suitable for the risk appetite and requirements of the users. As a result, it is appropriate that even when the market may be efficient, then also the random selection of stocks using a pin is not justified (Damodaran, 2008). References Bhimani, A, Horngren, CT, Datar, SM Foster, G 2008, Management and Cost Accounting 4th eds., Prentice Hall/Financial Times, Harlow Brealey, R, Myers, S Allen, F 2008, Principles of Corporate Finance, 9th eds., McGraw Hill Publications, New York Brigham, EF Ehrhardt, MC 2013. Financial Management: Theory Practice, 14th eds., South-Western College Publications, New York Damodaran, A 2008, Corporate Finance, 2nd edn, Wiley Publications, London Drury, C 2008, Management and Cost Accounting, 7th eds., Thomson Learning, London BHP Billiton 2015, Annual Report 2015, Available online from https://www.bhpbilliton.com/~/media/bhp/documents/investors/annual-reports/2015/bhpbillitonannualreport2015.pdf (Accessed on September 10, 2016) Parrino, R Kidwell, D 2011, Fundamentals of Corporate Finance, 3rd eds., Wiley Publications, London Petty, JW, Titman, S, Keown, AJ, Martin, P, Martin JD Burrow, M 2015, Financial Management: Principles and Applications, 6th eds., Pearson Australia, Sydney Seal, WB, Garrison, RH and Noreen, EW 2012, Management Accounting, 4th eds., McGraw -Hill Higher Education, Maidenhead

Pocket Full Of Kryptonite free essay sample

As almost anyone who keeps up with popular imusic knows, in the past few years there has been an explosion of new funk/metal groups, spearheaded by the success of Faith No More and the Red Hot Chili Peppers. The Spin Doctors are a lesser known band in this vein, but they should not be. Any band with this much talent doesnt deserve obscurity. Pocket Full of Kryptonite, this New York bands first full-length album, shows a group that is ready to become a household word. The Doctors inject a healthy dose of bluesy rock, pop song-craft and a good sense of humor into the standard funk/metal formula. The result is an album which might better have been named Instant Party. The lead track, Jimmy Olsens Blues, is about a comic book love triangle (no extra points for guessing whos involved) and it is also where the albums title comes from. We will write a custom essay sample on Pocket Full Of Kryptonite or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The funky What Time Is It? is reminiscent of James Brown. On Little Miss Cant Be Wrong and Two Princes the Doctors show they can write a good tune. These two songs are excellent examples of danceable, guitar-based pop music. Everything She Wants is destined to become a future garage-band classic. Other tracks, like Refrigerator Car and the extended jam of Shinbone Alley/Hard to Exist are perfect for blasting on car radios, and show just how much the Doctors can rock out. But the real hallmarks of this album are the two ballads, Forty or Fifty and How Could You Want Him (When You Know You Could Have Me)? The former is a flowing, jazz-based piece which shows the bands musical maturity. The songs chorus sounds slightly like Level 42 without keyboards. The latter song is a masterpiece of intelligent, honest pop song-craft. It features many literary references with direct emotional pleas. The verses almost make the song seem rooted in intellect instead of emotion, until the chorus comes along. You can almost hear the singers frustration when he sings the naively direct title phrase. All in all, the Spin Doctors have created the ultimate party album with enough upbeat tracks to keep people dancing. It is also an ideal soundtrack for a late afternoon spent driving in the city. Either way, this is one disc you should definitely be giving a spin. n

10 Facts About Lagomorphs

10 Facts About Lagomorphs Rabbits, hares, and pikas, collectively known as lagomorphs, are known for their floppy ears, bushy tails and impressive hopping ability. But theres more to lagomorphs than fluffy fur and a bouncy gait. Rabbits, hares, and pikas are versatile mammals that have colonized a wide range of habitats throughout the world. They serve as prey for many species and as such play an important role in the food webs they occupy. In this article, youll learn interesting facts about rabbits, hares,  and pikas and find out about their unique characteristics, their life cycle, and their evolutionary history. Lagomorphs are divided into 2 basic groups Lagomorphs are a group of mammals that includes two basic groups, the pikas, and the hares and rabbits. Pikas are small, rodent-like mammals with short limbs and rounded ears. When they crouch down, they have a compact, almost egg-shaped profile. Pikas prefer cold climates throughout Asia, North America and Europe. They often inhabit mountainous landscapes. Hares and rabbits are small to medium-sized mammals that have short tails, long ears, and long hind legs. They have fur on the soles of their feet, a characteristic that gives them added traction when running. Hares and rabbits have acute hearing and good night vision, both adaptations to the crepuscular and nocturnal lifestyles of many of the species in this group. There are about 80 species of lagomorphs There are about 50 species of hares and rabbits. Well-known species include the European hare, snowshoe hare, Arctic hare and eastern cottontail. There are 30 species of pikas. Today, pikas are less diverse than they were during the Miocene. Lagomorphs were once thought to be a group of rodents Lagomorphs were once classified as a subgroup of rodents due to similarities in physical appearance, the arrangement of teeth and their vegetarian diet. But today, scientists believe that most similarities between rodents and lagomorphs are the result of convergent evolution and not due to shared ancestry. For this reason, lagomorphs have been promoted within the mammalian classification tree and now ran astride rodents as an order in their own right. Lagomorphs are among the most intensely hunted of any animal group Lagomorphs serve as prey for a wide variety of predator species around the world. They are hunted carnivores (such as bobcats, mountain lions, foxes, coyotes) and predatory birds (such as eagles, hawks, and owls). Lagomorphs are also hunted by humans for sport. Lagomorphs have adaptations that enable them to elude predators Lagomorphs have large eyes that are positioned on either side of their head, giving them a field of vision that encircles them completely. This gives lagomorphs a better chance of spotting approaching predators since they have no blind spots. Additionally, many lagomorphs have long back legs (enabling them to run quickly) and claws and fur-covered feet (which give them good traction). These adaptations give lagomorphs a better chance of escaping predators that get too close for comfort. Lagomorphs are absent from only a few terrestrial regions throughout the world Lagomorphs inhabit a range that includes North America, Central America, parts of South America, Europe, Asia, Africa, Australia and New Zealand. In some parts of their range, especially islands, they were introduced by humans. Lagomorphs are absent from Antarctica, parts of South America, Indonesia, Madagascar, Iceland and parts of Greenland. Lagomorphs are herbivores Lagomorphs eat plants of various forms including grasses, fruits, seeds, herbs, buds, leaves and even bits of bark they strip off of deciduous and coniferous trees. They are also notorious for eating cultivated plants such as grains, cabbage, clover, and carrots. Since the plant foods they eat are nutrient-poor and difficult to digest, lagomorphs eat their droppings, thus causing the food material to pass through their digestive tract twice to maximize the number of nutrients they are able to extract. Lagomorphs have high reproductive rates Reproductive rates for lagomorphs are generally quite high. This offsets the high mortality rates they often face due to harsh environments, disease, and intense predation. The largest lagomorph is the European hare The European hare is the largest of all lagomorphs, reaching weights of between 3 and 6.5 pounds and lengths of more than 25 inches. The smallest lagomorphs are the pikas Pikas include the smallest of all lagomorphs. Pikas generally weigh between 3.5 and 14 ounces and measure between 6 and 9 inches long.

Giant Beaver (Castoroides) - Facts and Figures

Giant Beaver (Castoroides) - Facts and Figures Name:Â  Giant Beaver; also known as Castoroides (Greek for of the beaver family); pronounced CASS-tore-OY-deez Habitat:Â  Woodlands of North America Historical Epoch:Â  Late Pliocene-Modern (3 million-10,000 years ago) Size and Weight:Â  About eight feet long and 200 pounds Diet:Â  Plants Distinguishing Characteristics: Large size; narrow tail; six-inch-long incisors About the Giant Beaver (Castoroides) It sounds like the punchline to a prehistoric joke: an eight-foot-long, 200-pound beaver with six-inch-long incisors, a narrow tail, and long, shaggy hair. But Castoroides, also known as the Giant Beaver, really existed, and it fit right in with the other plus-sized megafauna of its late Pliocene and Pleistocene ecosystem. Like modern beavers, the Giant Beaver probably led a partially aquatic lifestyleespecially since it was too big and bulky to move about sleekly on land, where it would have made a tasty meal for a hungry Saber-Tooth Tiger. (By the way, other than both being mammals, the Giant Beaver was completely unrelated to the beaver-like Castorocauda, which lived during the late Jurassic period.) The question everyone asks is: did the Giant Beaver build equally giant dams? Sadly, if it did, no evidence of these gigantic construction projects has been preserved into modern times, though some enthusiasts point to a four-foot-high dam in Ohio (which may well have been made by another animal, or be a natural formation). Like the other mammalian megafauna of the last Ice Age, the extinction of the Giant Beaver was hastened by the early human settlers of North America, who may have valued this shaggy beast for its fur as well as its meat.

Comparing Two Similar Businesses Research Paper

Comparing Two Similar Businesses - Research Paper Example This research paper discuses more about the management strategies essentially in Amazon.com and Borders Books businesses. To arrive at the conclusion of this paper statistical analysis related to the topic of discussion was collected and previous works used. Amazon.com is considered the pioneer in online selling. It expanded in the late 1990s to sell the world’s largest selection of books, DVDs, videos, CDs, electronics, toys, tools, house wares, and kitchen gadgets. Through intermediaries’ conformities, Amazon.com in addition sells products from renowned retailers like Toysrus.com Incorporated., the Borders Group, etc. On the other hand, Borders Group incorporated is the largest after Amazon.com in the United States bookstore chains. It is the fastest rising bookstore chain. It runs 354 superstores in the name of Borders Books and Music. It features books and special events, like live music, and appearances by artists. This research paper analyzed and compared two buss inesses on such topics as management approach each took to Internet marketing and sales, three reasons for Amazon's success despite not turning a profit for the first five to six years, three reasons Borders, although initially successful and profitable, ended up in chapter 11 in relation for bankruptcy safeguard. In conclusion, in order for a company to flourish in the competitive market environment it should adopt the modern marketing strategies like marketing online, designing there website in a way that attracts many customers.

Answer 5 Questions Regarding Business, and Marketing Essay

Answer 5 Questions Regarding Business, and Marketing - Essay Example Franchisees privately own three-quarters of this corporation. The major requirement necessary for the purchase of a franchise include availability of funds to facilitate running of operations; possession of essential management expertise as required by the franchise; and ability to satisfy legal requirements mandated by the selected business. (3, 1) Foreign ownership of franchises is usually subjected to a number of legal restrictions. This varies among countries. Moreover, it is usually faced with a number of setbacks, a useful example being language barrier (1,1; 2, 1) Advertisement is an industry that cannot be separated from the media, production and business sector. Advertisement restrictions are limitations meant to control what is advertised through the media sector. These restrictions limit advertisement by preventing marketing of certain commodity. Consequently, this leads to reduced net income of respective businesses. (1, 1; 5, 1) Advertisement restriction differs among countries. A useful example is Brazil. The advertisement of some products (cigarettes and alcoholic drinks) is only allowed from 2100 hours to 0600 hours. Thus, businesses have been unable to achieve their economic goals on time. Reason being, by restricting advertisement consumer interest and awareness regarding the products will be low. In addition, the market promotion strategy will be negatively affected. Thus, businesses will opt for regions with less restriction. (5, 1) American fast food, music and movies are popular around the world with little production adaptation. U.S retailers, banks and the beer firms have had to make major adaptation to their products. Why? Provide examples. Adaptation involves changes in methods of business. It may include price promotions; and changing the product to make fit the preference of the consumers. Adaptation occurs if a single or more factors are changed. It occurs for attaining competitive gains in the markets.

Best Practices in Managing the Human Factors of HR Management Literature Review Essay Example for Free

Best Practices in Managing the Human Factors of HR Management Literature Review Essay Human Resource Management is one of the most significant functions in an enterprise. However, there are different factors that are impacting on HRM. Human Factors has its origins in the Industrial Revolution and emerged as a full-fledged discipline during World War II. It was recognized that aircraft cockpit design needed to consider the human interface for controls and displays. Design Engineers were focused on the technology while Industrial Psychologists worked to optimize the interface. In some cases, Human Factors design can affect bottom-line profitability or can be a life and death matter, e. g. , you dont want to push the wrong button or mistake meters for kilometers in a spacecraft. Companies came to realize that a products success is dependent upon good Human Factors design. Human Factors are very important for the successful operation of the company. The term human factors is to a large extent synonymous with the term ergonomics Human Factors Integration Research with Defense Technology Center is Human Factors Integration is the process adopted by a number of key industries (notably defense like United Defense and hazardous industries like oil gas like Shell) in Europe to integrate human factors elements into the systems engineering process. Although each industry has a slightly different domain the underlying approach is the same. HFI undertakes this by conducting a formal process that identifies and reconciles human related issues. These issues are split for convenience into domains. Manpower The number of military and civilian personnel required and potentially available to operate, maintain, sustain and provide training for systems Page 2 Personnel The cognitive and physical capabilities required to be able to train for, operate, maintain and sustain systems. Training – The instruction or education, and on-the-job or unit training required to provide personnel their essential job skills, knowledge, values and attributes. Human Factors Engineering The integration of human characteristics into system definition, design, development, and evaluation to optimize human-machine performance under operational conditions. Health Hazard Assessment Short or long term hazards to health occurring as a result of normal operation of the system. System Safety – Safety risks occurring when the system is functioning in an abnormal manner. Strengths: Indentifying the Problem, Evaluation and solving issues Weakness: Psychological Human Factors are not treated. Motorola’s Human Factors Engineering One of the best Practice in Managing Human Resource is HFE, Firstly implemented by Motorola, USA in 1984 is considered as the best for employees. In Research with HFE, Motorola is commonly thought of as how companies design tasks and work areas to maximize the efficiency and quality of their employees work. However, Motorola HFE comes into everything which involves people. Work systems, sports and leisure, health and safety should all embody Human Factors principles if well designed. Strengths: Employee Determination at work, Safety Health and Low Stress methods. Weakness: More importance to Leisure time and found some Low Production. Page 3 Encourage Employee Development Growth of a company is closely linked to employee development within the organization where each employee plays a vital role in the success of the company. Employee growth has direct and indirect benefits. More knowledgeable, skilled and capable employees directly impact your company’s ability to satisfy customers, resolve problems and crises, and adapt to changing market conditions. Paying for an employee’s continuing professional education, for example, can help your company gain expertise in new technologies and markets, which can save you money in the long run. This type of practice is found in Coco Cola, where are often send to Trainings on different process. Strengths: Motivational to Employee and Long Retention periods. Weakness: Cost effective and Time Taking Process. Work Life Balance The term â€Å"work life balance† was coined in 1986 in response to the rising trend Human Factors in Development of the Company. The employee Psychological benefits are taken into consideration with many instructions like Stay positive, stay in control, Stay healthy, Divide and de-clutter, Keep stress under control and other safety measures. This helps the companies to maintain good relations with the employees and make them as the best factor of production. In Research with General Electric which follows Work Life Balance as a practice to develop Human Factors. Strengths: High Production Facility, Long Retention and Safe Employee and Company Relations. Weakness: Only limited to Companies with Large Scale of Production Facilities. Page 4 Corporate Mentoring Programs Corporate Mentoring Programs are like teaching classes where employees are motivated to the work and work environment, making employee coordinated towards work. Therefore, companies have started to place greater emphasis on personal attributes while selecting and developing staff. This brings a number of benefits to the business, not the least of which is a cohesive team. On going development of employee potential is critical for business success. Corporate mentoring programs are effective in quickly ramping up employee performance because they facilitate the transfer of business knowledge in a way that is not quite possible in regular training. Strengths: Every Effective Approach in Developing Human Factors, Human Psychological Advantage and Growth Oriented. Weakness: Very Systematic Approach. Metrics to Evaluate the Practices Human Factors Integration (HFI) implemented by Defense sectors is only related to Large Scale industries although it has all the factors of Human Factors. Key Performance Indicator of Human Factor Integration(HFI) is the Objective oriented and Specific Tasking. Motorola’s Human Factors Engineering is also related to tasking and other relations, not dealing with the Psychological factors of the Employees. Encourage Employee Development is training method to make them work in stress and problems, No personal and physical importance is not given to the employees. During this Research we found that the best Practice that develops the Human Factors in the company is Corporate Mentoring Programs, where the employees are motivated on the work and provide various benefits including safety and stress free work Page 5 environment. Research with Minnesota University, I found that more than 80% of the companies in United States uses this Corporate Mentoring Programs. References †¢ Creating a Mentoring Culture: The Organizations Guide, 2007 †¢ A Strategic Approach To Corporate Mentoring Programs, CEO World Magazine, 2006 †¢ Human Factors Methods – Robert Stanley – Edition 2, 2006 †¢ Ergonomics Society, UK †¢ Human Resource Management Programs at Human Factors and Ergonomics Society †¢ Research Center for Work Safety and Human Engineering, Technion, Israel. †¢ Motorola HR Practices, www. motorola. com

Government Intrusion and Civil Liberties Essay -- Government

Most people have either read or heard of the book 1984 in some point in their high school career. Some may see it as just fictional literature that we learn in English class, but it could become seeing as to how our government is handling national security. In 1984, the author, George Orwell talks about a society in which one group of people runs society and everyone is under surveillance. This was something that people in the 1980s would not think possible, so how could Orwell have thought of this plot when writing the book during the 1940s? It could have been due to the progress in technology such as radio, film, television. The fear of government interference could have also been produced because World War II was present the time 1984 was created, from which Orwell twists in his book. What is even more interesting is that the Cold War is somehow described in 1984 and it pretty much became true. With the Cold War having taken place, U.S. citizens were worried that people am ong them could be a Communist; the enemy of the U.S. and capitalism. Because of their fear, people started to accuse one another of being communists, which led to them being imprisoned with little and what was, invalid evidence. This is now referred to as the ‘Red Scare’ where ‘Red’ symbolized Communism. After this so called war, there was a time of peace where the likelihood of there being another ‘Red Scare’ was very unlikely, until the unforgettable date, September 11, 2001, or often referred to as 9/11 where the government’s fear of terrorist presence begun. With the government’s fear of another 9/11, preventing this from reoccurring is very crucial to the United States politicians and so through the use of modern technology, they are willing an... ...geles Times, 29 Dec. 2011. Web. 28 May 2012. . Williams, Carol J. "Telecom Customers May Sue Government over Wiretapping, Court Says." Los Angeles Times. Los Angeles Times, 29 Dec. 2011. Web. 28 May 2012. . Williams, Carol J. "Telecom Customers May Sue Government over Wiretapping, Court Says." Los Angeles Times. Los Angeles Times, 29 Dec. 2011. Web. 28 May 2012. . Wing, Nick. "Indefinite Detention Blocked: District Judge Rules On Controversial Provision Of NDAA." The Huffington Post. TheHuffingtonPost.com, 16 May 2012. Web. 28 May 2012. . Government Intrusion and Civil Liberties Essay -- Government Most people have either read or heard of the book 1984 in some point in their high school career. Some may see it as just fictional literature that we learn in English class, but it could become seeing as to how our government is handling national security. In 1984, the author, George Orwell talks about a society in which one group of people runs society and everyone is under surveillance. This was something that people in the 1980s would not think possible, so how could Orwell have thought of this plot when writing the book during the 1940s? It could have been due to the progress in technology such as radio, film, television. The fear of government interference could have also been produced because World War II was present the time 1984 was created, from which Orwell twists in his book. What is even more interesting is that the Cold War is somehow described in 1984 and it pretty much became true. With the Cold War having taken place, U.S. citizens were worried that people am ong them could be a Communist; the enemy of the U.S. and capitalism. Because of their fear, people started to accuse one another of being communists, which led to them being imprisoned with little and what was, invalid evidence. This is now referred to as the ‘Red Scare’ where ‘Red’ symbolized Communism. After this so called war, there was a time of peace where the likelihood of there being another ‘Red Scare’ was very unlikely, until the unforgettable date, September 11, 2001, or often referred to as 9/11 where the government’s fear of terrorist presence begun. With the government’s fear of another 9/11, preventing this from reoccurring is very crucial to the United States politicians and so through the use of modern technology, they are willing an... ...geles Times, 29 Dec. 2011. Web. 28 May 2012. . Williams, Carol J. "Telecom Customers May Sue Government over Wiretapping, Court Says." Los Angeles Times. Los Angeles Times, 29 Dec. 2011. Web. 28 May 2012. . Williams, Carol J. "Telecom Customers May Sue Government over Wiretapping, Court Says." Los Angeles Times. Los Angeles Times, 29 Dec. 2011. Web. 28 May 2012. . Wing, Nick. "Indefinite Detention Blocked: District Judge Rules On Controversial Provision Of NDAA." The Huffington Post. TheHuffingtonPost.com, 16 May 2012. Web. 28 May 2012. .

Pestel Analysis of Burger King Essay

Environmental factors may contribute to the increasing prevalence of obesity, especially in black and low-income populations. In this paper, the geographic distribution of fast food restaurants is examined relative to neighborhood sociodemographics. Methods Using geographic information system software, all fast-food restaurants within the city limits of New Orleans, Louisiana, in 2001 were mapped. Buffers around census tracts were generated to simulate 1-mile and 0.5-mile â€Å"shopping areas† around and including each tract, and fast food restaurant density (number of restaurants per square mile) was calculated for each area. Using multiple regression, the geographic association between fast food restaurant density and black and low-income neighborhoods was assessed, while controlling for environmental confounders that might also influence the placement of restaurants (commercial activity, presence of major highways, and median home values). Results In 156 census tracts, a total of 155 fast food restaurants were identified. In the regression analysis that included the environmental confounders, fast-food restaurant density in shopping areas with 1-mile buffers was independently correlated with median household income and percent of black residents in the census tract. Similar results were found for shopping areas with 0.5-mile buffers. Predominantly black neighborhoods have 2.4 fast-food restaurants per square mile compared to 1.5 restaurants in predominantly white neighborhoods. Conclusions The link between fast food restaurants and black and low-income neighborhoods may contribute to the understanding of environmental causes of the obesity epidemic in these populations.

My School and Its Teaching Environment Essay

In my school, the teaching environment is very good for teachers and especially for the students. When you see the school, at first you will say â€Å" wow! Excellent facilities, playground for teachers and students, cozy cafeteria and a library with good ambience where you can study comfortably, all classrooms are air-conditioned, enough computers for students with the ratio of 1:1 with internet connection. Each student has internet password as well as the teachers and staffs. The school used Fiber Optic line for internet (this is part of my work where I maintain the internet connection for the whole school). In my first 2 years in this school, I was assigned in Middle School but this year I was transferred to Elementary Department as Head of Information Technology including repair and maintenance with 24 hours a week teaching load for students from grade 1 to 5 (too many works hehehe) forgot to mention at the same time I am one of the administrators for TOEFL (Test of English as Foreign Language) exam. Every year, especially year-end everybody is waiting for contract renewal, thinking who will be renewed and who will say goodbye. If someone will leave then we are thinking who will replace them. Why? Simply because we are waiting for another teacher who will introduce another technique in teaching or I simply put it this way for new teachers: If you can’t beat us, then join us†¦ hahahahaha! The Culture of this country (Thailand) is almost the same in our country (Philippines) when it comes to being hospitable and respecting other people. They have great respect with each other especially with the old ones. In my school, students develop respect and tolerance for all others, regardless of religion, race, or class. One of the most distinctive Thai customs is the wai. Showing greeting, farewell, or acknowledgement, it comes in several forms reflecting the relative status of those involved. Generally, the salutation involves a prayer-like gesture with the hands, and it also may include a slight bow of the head. This salutation is often accompanied by a serene smile symbolizing a welcoming disposition and a pleasant attitude. Thailand is often referred to as the â€Å"Land of Smiles† in tourist brochures. There are a number of Thai customs relating to the special status of monks in Thai society. Due to religious discipline, Thai monks are forbidden physical contact with women. Women are therefore expected to make way for passing monks to ensure that accidental contact does not occur. A notable social norm holds that touching someone on the head may be considered rude. Pointing at or touching something with the feet is also considered rude. In every activity we do whether it is curricular or extra-curricular, we always align it to their culture if this is acceptable or not. But since we do have native speakers, sometimes they don’t even care about the culture. They always say that â€Å"Everybody knows what Thailand is† (for them most of the Thai women are slut, people have already changed) but somehow these native speakers must learn how to adapt into this environment. Yes, maybe that is their perception in this county and they forgot that they are Teachers. Teachers should give moral values and educate them in proper way. One of the problems of this school and even this country, discrimination between Asian and English Native speakers are very obvious. Sometimes they just use these native speakers as front of the school but most of the teachers are Asian who are more dedicated to work and yet under paid compared to these native teachers. Our administrators are composed of Executive Director (owner), Associate Executive Director, Business Director, Curriculum Coordinator, Student Support Coordinator, Principals and PTA. PTA in this school is very active in every. If we have activities either curricular or extra-curricular, the parents are always there to support us. Just to name a few for extra-curricular activities: 1. Students vs Teachers and Staff football match 2. Teachers and Staff vs Parents football match 3. Teachers, Staff and Parents vs Military Personnel Football Match 4. Teachers and Staff Football Match These are some interesting extra-curricular activities that everybody loves to see. Because even the owner of the school also plays in this event. We do have some curricular activities such as: 1. Debate in English(I’m the coach) 2. Debate in Thai 3. Public Speaking 4. Spelling 5. Story Telling 6. Quiz bee

Free Essays on China as Most Favored Nation

China as Most Favored Nation Essay written by: TapOut136 What is the debate on weather or not China should retain favored-nation trading status all about? Is it really a decision on what is best economically for the United States, and China. Or is it: the issue of Chinese human rights violations and the fact that if the United States where to revoke the favored nation status of China it would have a profound negative impact on the U.S. economy alone. (+)Most-favored-nation trade status started in the United States as a version of the European preferential trade system. The Carter Administration first granted most-favored-nation trading status to China in 1980, following the historic efforts of President Nixon during the 1970’s to restore diplomatic ties. Historically, a significant difference existed between the unconditional most-favored-nation clause in European trade law and the American version of conditional most-favored-nation. Under unconditional most-favored-nation status, one country's extension of tariff concessions guarantees the same concessions to all nations associated with it through commercial treaties. American conditional most-favored-nation status provided treaty signatories only the opportunity to negotiate most-favored-nation status when most-favored-nation status was extended to another trading partner. Thus meaning that the United States gives significant economic advantages to one nation in the form of most-favored-nation trading status. Under the Trade Act of 1974, most-favored-nation status could only be granted to China through a Sino-American bilateral commercial agreement and satisfaction of the Jackson-Vanik Amendment requirements. The Jackson-Vanik amendment states that the President of the United States may grant a communist country such as China most-favored-nation trade status if it was in conjunction with a trade agreement and upon proper improvement that China would permit emigrati... Free Essays on China as Most Favored Nation Free Essays on China as Most Favored Nation China as Most Favored Nation Essay written by: TapOut136 What is the debate on weather or not China should retain favored-nation trading status all about? Is it really a decision on what is best economically for the United States, and China. Or is it: the issue of Chinese human rights violations and the fact that if the United States where to revoke the favored nation status of China it would have a profound negative impact on the U.S. economy alone. (+)Most-favored-nation trade status started in the United States as a version of the European preferential trade system. The Carter Administration first granted most-favored-nation trading status to China in 1980, following the historic efforts of President Nixon during the 1970’s to restore diplomatic ties. Historically, a significant difference existed between the unconditional most-favored-nation clause in European trade law and the American version of conditional most-favored-nation. Under unconditional most-favored-nation status, one country's extension of tariff concessions guarantees the same concessions to all nations associated with it through commercial treaties. American conditional most-favored-nation status provided treaty signatories only the opportunity to negotiate most-favored-nation status when most-favored-nation status was extended to another trading partner. Thus meaning that the United States gives significant economic advantages to one nation in the form of most-favored-nation trading status. Under the Trade Act of 1974, most-favored-nation status could only be granted to China through a Sino-American bilateral commercial agreement and satisfaction of the Jackson-Vanik Amendment requirements. The Jackson-Vanik amendment states that the President of the United States may grant a communist country such as China most-favored-nation trade status if it was in conjunction with a trade agreement and upon proper improvement that China would permit emigrati...

The Four Cerebral Cortex Lobes of the Brain

The Four Cerebral Cortex Lobes of the Brain The cerebral cortex is the layer of the brain often referred to as gray matter. The cortex (thin layer of tissue) is gray because nerves in this area lack the insulation that makes most other parts of the brain appear to be white. The cortex covers the outer portion (1.5mm to 5mm) of the cerebrum and cerebellum. The cerebral cortex is divided into four lobes. Each of these lobes is found in both the right and left hemispheres of the brain. The cortex encompasses about two-thirds of the brain mass and lies over and around most of the structures of the brain. It is the most highly developed part of the human brain and is responsible for thinking, perceiving, producing and understanding language. The cerebral cortex is also the most recent structure in the history of brain evolution. Cerebral Cortex Lobes Function Most of the actual information processing in the brain takes place in the cerebral cortex. The cerebral cortex is located in the division of the brain known as the forebrain. It is divided into four lobes that each have a specific function. For example, there are specific areas involved in movement and sensory processes (vision, hearing,  somatosensory perception (touch), and olfaction). Other areas are critical for thinking and reasoning. Although many functions, such as touch perception, are found in both the right and left cerebral hemispheres, some functions are found in only one cerebral hemisphere. For example, in most people, language processing abilities are found in the left hemisphere. Four Cerebral Cortex Lobes Parietal Lobes: These lobes are positioned posteriorly to the frontal lobes and above the occipital lobes. They are involved in receiving and processing of sensory information. The somatosensory cortex is found within the parietal lobes and is essential for processing touch sensations.Frontal Lobes: These lobes are positioned at the front-most region of the cerebral cortex. They are involved with movement, decision-making, problem-solving, and planning. The right frontal lobe controls activity on the left side of the body and the left frontal lobe controls activity on the right side.Occipital Lobes: Located just below the parietal lobes, the occipital lobes are the main center for visual processing. The visual information is sent to the parietal lobes and temporal lobes for further processing.Temporal Lobes: These lobes are located directly below the frontal and parietal lobes. They are involved with memory, emotion, hearing, and language. Structures of the limbic system, including t he olfactory cortex, amygdala, and the hippocampus are located within the temporal lobes. In summary, the cerebral cortex is divided into four lobes that are responsible for processing and interpreting input from various sources and maintaining cognitive function. Sensory functions interpreted by the cerebral cortex include hearing, touch, and vision. Cognitive functions include thinking, perceiving, and understanding language. Divisions of the Brain Forebrain - encompasses the cerebral cortex and brain lobes.Midbrain - connects the forebrain to the hindbrain.Hindbrain - regulates autonomic functions and coordinates movement.

Plastic Pollution in oceans (marine Life) due to human activity Term Paper

Plastic Pollution in oceans (marine Life) due to human activity. Research - Term Paper Example The pollution caused due to plastic is increasing at a very fast pace and that is because the demand for products produced through plastic is increasing day by day. According to Andrady 80 million tons of plastic and plastic waste is found in the marine regions throughout the globe (Andrady 1). There are various causes as well as harmful effects of plastic pollution in marine life, but at the same time several steps can be taken to solve the issue of oceanic regions being polluted due to plastic. There are various causes due to which plastic pollution in oceans is experienced. One of these causes is that plastic enters the oceans and water in an indirect manner. There are many ways through which plastic can enter the water in an indirect manner. One of the most common ways is that plastic based garbage is left on the coastal areas by those individuals who are recognized as beachgoers. The problem is that water reaches the coastal areas and absorbs the plastic waste and travels back into the sea area along with plastic products. Another method through which plastic waste reaches the oceans is recognized as land runoff. This event takes place when huge amount of rain water moves plastic waste from the land area to the sea area. A third method through which plastic debris reaches the ocean is through the route of sewage. This means that plastic waste travels to the oceans when that waste is dumped in sewage and rivers which carries the waste to the sea. A fourth method through which plastic waste reaches oceans is through the heavy winds that blow plastic debris from land area to oceans (Andrady 1). According to Andrady, around 80% of the plastic waste or debris that is found in the oceans is caused due to the plastic waste that enters the oceans through indirect means such as littering of the coastal regions by those who are beachgoers (Andrady 1). Other than indirect transfer of plastic

Discussion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 129

Discussion - Essay Example First, Agile is found to be simpler and easier to follow. The phases of envision, speculate, explore, adapt and close flow better in a management process. This is different in the triangle where interconnection of tasks may result in complexities. Secondly, the triangle represents a correlation between time, cost and output as opposed to the Agile Framework which is more of a process-based framework. As opposed to the Waterfall framework, Agile defines the requirements throughout the project and hence the framework is more flexible. This means that it allows change in strategy as the project continues. Further, return on investment and avoidance of risk can be continuously monitored in the Agile Framework allowing easier control of the results. Although the Waterfall Triangle deals directly with the costs and outcomes from the beginning, it is not flexible to change. Agile Framework can be easily used in individual projects. This is because it is easy to use and follow. In addition, the constant feedback from the framework helps n making changes and controlling the outcome from within. The ease of use saves time and allow the project managers to manage

Bibliography of Raphael Linkin Annotated Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Of Raphael Linkin - Annotated Bibliography Example Raphael Lemkin was born in Imperial Russia in the village named Bezwodne. He was referred to as Rafal Lemkin. Lemkin’s parents were Joseph and Bella Lemkin. He had two siblings. His father was a farmer whereas his mother was a highly educated woman who engaged in philosophical, linguistic, and art-related works. Lemkin’s was greatly influenced by his mother and the achievements she was able to attain. At the age of 14years, for example, he was well versed with about 14 languages, an aspect that was difficult to many people (Hovannisian 125). Raphael Lemkin attended a local trade school and upon graduation, he went to Ukraine to study Linguistics at John Casmir University. While at the university, Raphael Lemkin developed an interest in the field of criminology and thus the issue of genocide. This urge made him to enroll in the University of Heidelberg located in Germany for a degree in philosophy. It was later that he studied law and became a prosecutor. He advanced gradually into his lawyer occupation (Hovannisian 127). In regard to his career and work experience, Lemkin worked for different law firms in different capacities. In 1929-1934, Lemkin worked as a public prosecutor in Warsaw as well as a secretary to the Committee on Codification of the Laws of the Republic of Polish. In 1930, he was promoted to be a deputy prosecutor. One of his achievements at this level was the translation of The Polish Penal Code of 1932, from Polish to English. He did this in collaboration with Malcolm McDermott, a law professor at Duke University (Martin par 7). His interest in crime grew day after day and it brought about the issue of genocide which was founded on the American Genocide. The Simile Massacre of 1933 in Iraq also fueled the genocide concept. It was in 1934 that Lemkin resigned his job for a position of a private solicitor.

Role and Purpose of Human Resource Management

Role and Purpose of Human Resource Management Analyze the role and purpose of human resource management in a selected service industry Human Resource Management plays a very vital role in all industries, especially that of hospitality. Due to the constant transformation and growth within the industry, the need to obtain an effective Human Resource Management team cannot be ignored. Hotels such as Marriott International has come to the realization that its employees are its largest assets and having a good, skilled and hardworking workforce can be the difference between the companys success or failure (Icmrindia.org, 2004). Human Resource Management can be defined as the process of employing and developing employees in order to efficiently and effectively utilize them in the achievement of company goals and objectives (Parrilla, 2015). Below are the findings related to the role, purpose, and functions of Human Resource Management in service organizations. 1. According to Amos et al., (2008) staffing, employee compensation and benefits, and defining and designing work are three major responsibilities of HRM in the service industry. 2. Maximizing productivity within service industries by optimizing the effectiveness and potential of the organizations staff members is the purpose for which the HRM was created (Nickson, 2013). 3. Bolden-Barrett (n.d.) outlines in her article that recruiting, retention, compensation, liability and labor are the major roles in which the HRM manages. 4. Businesscasestudies.co.uk (n.d.) through its research elaborated that HRM function not only manages existing staff, it also plans for changes that will affect its future staffing needs. 5. HRM is often pressured into finding a level ground between the implementation of Hard or Soft HRM (Riley, n.d.). The service industry is greatly dependent on human resource rather than the resource needed to perform tasks within the organization. As a result of this, the service industry has invested a lot in ensuring that their HRM department is effective and have the necessary resources in order to carry out their functions. Bolden-Barrett (n.d.) outlines in her article that recruiting, retention, compensation, liability and labor are the major roles in which the HRM manages. She believes that by delegating a specific department to handle such roles it will relieve some pressure off management and also eradicate the deterrents that plague the service industry. Nickson (2013) reinforced the views outlined in Bolden-Barretts article by explaining that the purpose of HRM is to maximize productivity within service industries by optimizing the effectiveness and potential of the organizations staff members. With this purpose in mind, the HRM would assess the company and determine what is lacking an d also what it needs in order to succeed and reach its full potential. According to Amos et al., (2008) staffing, employee compensation and benefits, and defining and designing work are three major responsibilities of HRM in the service industry. When broken down further the department would be in charge of managing existing staff, recruiting selecting new staff, laying off workers, providing training and assessment, mentoring motivating, handling evaluation compensations, building strategies, providing legal guidance for both employees and the company and most importantly implementing steps to retain current staff. In fact, Businesscasestudies.co.uk (n.d.) through its research elaborated that HRM function not only manages existing staff, it also plans for changes that will affect its future staffing needs. This kind of plan requires HRM to find a level ground between the implementation of a hard or soft management system (Riley, n.d.). They need consider the risks of implementin g soft HRM and leaving the company at a competitive disadvantage by treating employees as the most important assets or implementing a hard HRM where they end up gaining a more cost effective workforce. Conclusion Achievement within the service industry depends on the individual and collective efforts put in by its workforce. HRM as a practice notably offers support and advice to the senior management within an organization. With that being said, the department plays a role in recruiting, retention, compensation, liability and labor. They meet the expectation of these roles by ensuring that the staff in which they recruit possess the needed skills, mindset and experience in which the company needs. They also ensure that employee recognition programs and various incentives are implemented in order to retain current workers. The HRM department also handles the legality within the organization when it comes to the rights of the workers, the enforcing of labor laws and the exercising of company policies. It can be concluded that in regards to the roles of the HRM within the service industry, they are in fact fulfilling and exceeding expectations. AC. 1.2 Justify a human resources plan based on an analysis of supply and demand for Marriot International Introduction Human resource planning is a process through which an organization identifies its current, immediate and future human resource needs to enable the achievement of set goals and objectives (Buller and McEvoy, 2012). A human resource plan attempts to estimate labor, demand and evaluate the nature, sources, and size of the supply that will be needed to offset that demand (Bratton and Gold, 2010). Hotels like Marriott International have recognized the vital role that a human resource plan plays in the constantly changing environment in the hospitality industry. A human resources plan links with the organizations business plan to ensure the goals of the business are met. An effective human resources plan is, therefore, essential to ensure the employees have the competencies and skills required for the business to succeed. Findings Following are the findings on the labor supply and demand in the hotel industry: 1. According to Boxall and Purcell (2016) developing a human resource plan involves the forecasting of hiring needs and employment arrangements. It involves a series of steps that include the identification of business strategy and needs; conducting a job analysis; writing a job description, and determining the feasibility of hiring. 2. The demand and supply of human resources planning in the services sector are influenced by the specific skills, experience and knowledge level and qualities that the organization requires from employees (Werner and DeSimone, 2012). 3. The internal factors that influence human resource planning include organizations size, organizations culture; organizations structure; business strategy; power and politics; and top management and line managers (Harzing and Pinnington, 2015). 4. The external factors that influence human resource planning include economic condition; government regulations; technological change and advancements; industry characteristics; workforce demographics; competitor actions; and union actions (Choi and Ruona, 2010). 5. Human resource planning is affected by changes in the economic and technological environment. The influx or decrease in economy and technology causes a subsequent change in human resource plans (Bratton and Gold, 2010). Discussion A human resources plan is important in any services industry. According to Bratton and Gold (2010) plans helps organizations to adjust to the rapidly changing environment as the demand for human resources increases. Changes in the technological and economic environment affect the human resources plan. The development of technology may lead to a subsequent reduction of workers while the reduction in the economy may also decrease human resources intake in the services sector. However, organizations need to manage and institute a working human resources plan. Developing a human resources plan involves the forecasting of hiring needs and employment arrangements. This means the business needs to identify its strategy and needs; conduct a job analysis; write a job description; and determine the feasibility of hiring (Boxall and Purcell, 2016). Human resources specific skills, experience and knowledge level and qualities that ensure growth influence their demand and supply (Werner and DeSim one, 2012). Internal and external factors in an organization have an influence in the planning of the human resources. The internal factors include organizations size, organizations culture; organizations structure; business strategy; power and politics; and top management and line managers (Harzing and Pinnington, 2015). The external factors include economic condition; government regulations; technological change and advancements; industry characteristics; workforce demographics; competitor actions; and union actions (Choi and Ruona, 2010). The factors enhance how organizations plan and organize their human resources. Conclusions and Recommendations The organizations in the services sector operate in a constantly changing environment in the world.   Many factors exist that may discourage or hinder these organizations to plan for their human resources at present and in the future. However, instituting a human resources plan ensures that an organization is prepared for any change that may occur in the business environment. A human resources plan assists an organization to fulfill its mandate when managed appropriately. The recommendation is that Marriott International needs to develop a human resources plan with its business plan. The argument is that as external and internal factors influence, affect and change the supply and demand of human resources, the business will adapt to this changes with a plan in place. Assess the current state of employment relations in Marriot International Introduction Employment relations refer to the total interaction or relationship between an employee and the employer (Nickson, 2013). This relationship is in regards to the establishment of employment conditions. The topic of employee relations in Marriot International is crucial because of the realization that a good employment relations program in an organization leads to the success of the organization. As an approach to effective employee treatment, an employment relation incorporates all issues in the workplace employer-employee relationship including equal opportunity, recruitment, organizational structure and, training and development (Lee and Way, 2010). This forms a basis through which the employees remain loyal to the organization and stay committed to fulfilling the objectives of the organization as required in the specific jobs (Lee and Way, 2010). Findings Below are the findings on the current state of employment relations in the service industry 1. There is a significant growth in the number of workers and employers in the service industry. This growth has precipitated a selective approach by both workers and employers in finding their employers and workers respectively (Goetsch and Davis, 2013). 2. Employment relations is revitalized in the service industries as a result of consistent boycotts and strikes by workers in the service sector thus effecting talks on issues affecting the employees (Vidal, 2011). 3. Employment relations are currently being handled by unions representing the employers and the employees while the government stands as the mediator (Davidson et al., 2011). 4. As a response to boycotts and strikes, unions and management in the services sector are cooperating through corporate campaigns and neutrality agreements to ensure employment relations are improved (Nickson, 2013). They institute harmonization measures through arbitration and negotiation teams to settle grievances and disciplinary procedures in employment relations. 5. Low wages, sexual harassment and poor working conditions in the services sector have precipitated the increase in unions organizing strikes and calling for better employment relations agreements (Kusluvan et al., 2010). Discussion Employment relations in the hotel sector are important because it influences job satisfaction, customer retention and the success of the business. The fight to achieve better working conditions has been taken to the employers by employees. According to Kusluvan et al., (2010) low wages, sexual harassment and poor working conditions in the services sector have precipitated the increase in unions organizing strikes and calling for better employment relations agreements. Employee relations have affected how employers and employees select workers and employers respectively (Goetsch and Davis, 2013). Employers and employees look for organizations in the services industry where their needs and requirements will be met. Davidson et al., (2011) researched how HRM handled employment relations in the past and the present. The findings showed employment relations are currently being handled by unions, negotiating teams, and collaborative institutions. They handle employment issues and in extrem e circumstances lead boycotts and strikes to revitalize the issues in the services sector (Vidal, 2011). As a response to boycotts and strikes, unions and management in the services sector are cooperating through corporate campaigns and neutrality agreements to ensure employment relations are improved (Nickson, 2013). They institute harmonization measures through arbitration and negotiation teams to settle grievances in the services industry. Conclusions and Recommendations As an approach to effective employee treatment, employment relations incorporate all issues in the workplace, employer-employee relationship including equal opportunity, recruitment, organizational structure and, training and development. Employment relations contribute to the success or the failure of a given business. Poor relations lead to poor or inadequate services which lead to the business being affected. The recommendation is that Marriott International should institute an effective working relationship between the employers and the employees in the hotel. This is done by ensuring all employees are treated equally and professionally. They should also support their unions by entering into continuous talks on how to improve their conditions thus enhancing employment relations. Discuss how employment law affects the management of human resources in a selected service industry business Government regulations have increased within the hospitality industry over the years especially due to the industrys rapid growth and diversity. According to Simpson (n.d.), employment laws moderate the relationship between the employer and the employee. The laws delegate areas such as wages, benefits, workplace discrimination, safety on the job and immigration, just to name a few. Employment laws within Jamaica are based on common law concept of the contract of employment, legislations and court opinions (Jamaica Trade Union Labour Laws, n.d.). The laws are enacted as a means of protecting workers from unfair treatment within their workplace as well as protecting employers. Findings Below are the findings related to the different employment laws within my country, Jamaica: 1. According to Employment (Termination, etc.) Act (2008) employers should give prior notice to employees who are dismissed for the reason of redundancy. 2. The Holiday with Pay Act of 1974 outlines that pay, gratuities or benefits should be given to workers who are on sick or vacation leave (Under The Holidays With Pay Act, 2000). 3. The Jamaica observer (2016) advised that the National Minimum Wage increase takes effect today, March 1st, 2016. Such recommendations are made by the Minimum Wage Advisory Commission with guidance from the Minimum Wage Act of 1938. 4. Under the Trade Union Act of 1919, Trade Unions were able to become established, get registered and function. The Act also stipulates ways in which membership is acquired and also how disputes should be settled (Trade Union Act, n.d.). 5. The Employment (Equal pay for men and women) Act of 1975 is in place to eliminate discrimination between sexes as it relates to wages for completing the same work (Jamaica: The Employment (Equal Pay for Men and Women) Act, n.d.). Employment laws greatly impact how the human resource within the hospitality industry functions and operates. The various laws are utilized as guidelines to ensure that employees are treated fairly and that management operates within the laws. According to Employment (Termination, etc.) Act (2008) employers should give prior notice to employees who are dismissed for the reason of redundancy. It further explains that the period of the notice depends on how long the employee has been working with the organization and also how they should be paid for their service. The Holiday with Pay Act of 1974 outlines that pay, gratuities or benefits should be given to workers who are on sick or vacation leave (Under The Holidays With Pay Act, 2000). HR will now have to take into consideration the requirements for paying employees who are on sick leave, going on vacation and even workers who work overtime. Employers who do not comply are at risk of being fined upwards of $250,000 and/or prison time .   The Jamaica observer (2016) advised that the National Minimum Wage increase takes effect today, March 1st, 2016. Such recommendations are made by the Minimum Wage Advisory Commission with guidance from the Minimum Wage Act of 1938. This law is mostly geared at protecting workers without a voice or representation from a Union to bargain on their behalf. With that being said, it is still as important as it sets the bar for the minimum pay in which a certain group of workers should receive. Under the Trade Union Act of 1919, Trade Unions were able to become established, get registered and function. The Act also stipulates ways in which membership is acquired and also how disputes should be settled (Trade Union Act, n.d.). Hotel workers are now able to gain Union representatives under this law. Workers no longer have to strike when their contracts have been breached, as now they have legal representatives who are able to negotiate, deliberate and argue on their behalf. Human Resource Management within the hotel industry will need to sit with Union representatives and negotiate proper wages for workers, decent working conditions and also fair schedules. The Employment (Equal pay for men and women) Act of 1975 is in place to eliminate discrimination between sexes as it relates to wages for completing the same work (Jamaica: The Employment (Equal Pay for Men and Women) Act, n.d.). HR management under this act is obligated in paying workers of both sexes equally to do the same amount of work. Therefore, if the hotel has a male and female chef that does the same amount of work then one shouldnt be getting more pay than the other just because they are a different gender. In addition, both workers should be treated equally and fairly.   Ã‚   Recommendation/Conclusion The hotel industry succeeds when there are full corporation and understanding between employees and employers. As an HR manager, it is my duty to ensure that in creating corporation between management and workers I am also able to do so within the employment laws that governs the country. When these laws are understood, followed and implemented by myself, management and workers then it saves the hotel money- by preventing fines, time- by avoiding lawsuits and lengthy court hearings, and also bad publicity. When the various employment laws are enforced the hotel will experience fewer turnovers, as workers will appreciate the measures taken to ensure that they are fairly treated and therefore will not want to resign. In addition, productivity will increase as workers will be certain that they will receive proper compensation for their labor. Subsequently, with increased productivity, there will be better service and product quality as well; workers will have greater commitment and be c ompelled to put in more work. Last but not least, with the representation of Unions, workers are more trusting and comfortable in their working environment; this is because they know the Union will act in their best interest.

Humorous Best Man Speech -- Wedding Toasts Roasts Speeches

Humorous Best Man Speech Good afternoon ladies and gentlemen. Firstly on behalf of the bridesmaids, I would like to thank the groom for his kind words, and may I also say that they have done a fantastic job today and all of them look absolutely beautiful. I'd also like to say that the bride looks absolutely stunning today as I’m sure you will all agree. Unfortunately for the wedding photographs, the groom just looks stunned. When I was asked to be best man I consulted the Internet for help. I must confess I was perplexed by some of the things I was expected to do: Help the groom dress. Thanks, but no thanks. If he hasn't learned by nor then he never will. That his shoes are tied. That his face and hair are â€Å"in order† (God didn't put them in order first time round, I'm not convinced that I stood a chance) . That he has nothing between his teeth (or is that his ears?) That his trouser flies are done up. I came to the conclusion that best man is just a fancy title for nanny. I also found out some other interesting things on the Internet, but now is definitely not the time to tell you what they were. However, I have taken the job of being best man seriously and have made sure: That he got to the service on time. That he was well dressed and looking smart, which I’m sure you will agree he is. And that he got a good nights sleep last night, and I’m pleased to report he slept like a baby. He woke up every half hour like clockwork, crying for his mom. So what can I say about the groom. Well, he’s witty, intelligent, charming, successful, han†¦ han... Sorry. I'm having trouble reading your writing. I've been racking my brain for the last couple of weeks trying to think of suitable stories to be said about... ...Now. if you could join me in a toast to some very important people, without whom today just wouldn't be the same. I'm sure all of us at some point will shuffle past them and exchange a few kind words. Ladies and gentlemen, I'd like you to raise your glasses and say a toast. To the bar staff. And of course we should not forget the bride and groom. I would like to say to you both: "May your love be modern enough to survive the times, and old-fashioned enough to last forever." Today is a day when each one of us wishes the happy couple well. Being human they will have their disagreements. Life being what it is there will be sad moments as well as glad. Yet I know that today we are all wishing them happiness and health in those years to come, and I am sure that the love between them will be strong enough to last forever. Ladies and gentlemen. the bride and groom.

Identify the Current Legislations, Guidelines, Policies and Procedures for Safeguarding the Welfare of Children and Young People Including E-Safety. Essay

Many accounts of child abuse and neglect can be avoided in many cases if all the agencies involved with children worked well together and were able to identify the signs that a child was at risk. Many children have their development affected through the actions of abuse, neglect or bullying, the majority of these events happen behind closed doors. Policies and procedures for child protection and safeguarding children that are in place at settings for children and young people are there because of legislation passed in parliament. In 2000, an 8 year old girl called Victoria Climbià ¨ was tortured and murdered by her guardians. Her death resulted in a mass investigation and the demand for stricter child safety laws. The inquest in 2003, lead by Lord Laming, led to the green paper, a preliminary report of government proposals that is published in order to raise discussion on the matter, named Every Child Matters. This then produced the Children Act 2004. The five main principles of the act are: -The introduction of local authority’s Children Directors with responsibility for education and children’s services. -Councillors for children’s services with responsibility for local child welfare are introduced. -Local Safeguarding Children’s Board (LSCB) have power to sure that social services, the NHS education services, the police and other services work together, ensuring maximum protection towards vulnerable children. -A Common Assessment Framework to help agencies to identify the needs of children. All settings working with children and young people must have the following procedures and policies put in place: -A policy for the protection of children under the age of 18 which states responsibilities and is reviewed annually. -Arrangements to work with the Local Safeguarding Children Board -A duty of care to inform the ISA of any individual, e.g. a paid employee, volunteer or other, which is a potential threat to the children. -Up to date training on safeguarding for all members of staff, governors and volunteers. -Effective, regular risk assessments to check that the safeguard policy and plans are effective and working -All staff, volunteers who have regular unsupervised access to children under the age of 18, are to have a CRB check (Criminal Record Bureau) Another form of safeguarding that has been introduced as it has become more popular is E-safety. Many children and young people have endless access to the internet or the use of a mobile phone. The internet, mobile phones and even video games all have a number of benefits; however, they also hold a great number of risks for children and young people. In 2008, The Byron Review, by Dr Tanya Byron reported on the risks to children and young people from the exposure to potentially harmful or inappropriate content on the internet, and issued guidance on how they should be protected. Because no-one can fully remove the bad stuff from the internet and make it completely safe, steps are put in place to ensure that children and young people are somewhat safe whilst browsing: -Blocking access to inappropriate or unsuitable sites. -Limiting time spent on the computer/video game. -Making children and young people of the dangers on the internet. -Helping children and young people to know how to identify and recognise the dangers. -Educating parents and cares about the risks and danger and how to handle them. Young children are extremely vulnerable and rely on adults for safety, security and the fulfilment of their needs. Children need to be supported to develop a strong sense of self worth, this will help them to become more confident and make positive choices to protect themselves. Bullying There is no exact definition of bullying as there are many different kinds, a child may experience bullying attacks which are; Physical – hitting, pushing, pinching, shoving, or other forms of violence. Verbal bullying – name calling, spreading rumours, sarcasm, teasing. Emotional bullying – Exclusion, humiliating, ridiculing and tormenting. A bully will often use a mix of all the above, usually involving other children either as witnesses or participants in the act. If attacks continue, its more than likely the events will escalate in severity. Emotional bullying seems to be a more popular form of bullying as a posed to physical, particularly ridiculing and exclusion. Another form of bullying, closely linked to emotional bullying is currently on the up rise. Cyberbullying is relatively new method of bullying and involves mainly, threatening or humiliating through texts, emails and social networking sites such as facebook.